C1 Magazines
What Is Representation?
LO: To explore the concept of representation and stereotypes
The media offers the audience an interpretation of the world.
representation- the way media portrays a subject
this is a positive representation of lamine yamal, as it portrays him as an upcoming star in football, playing in the euros at just 16 years old
Do Now Friday 20th September 2024
1. Representation- the way something is portrayed through media /
2. The viewpoint from the other side X whether its positive or negative
3. A stereo-type is something typically found within a certain group/ individuals /
4. 2 /
5. Audiences
Stereotypes
Nurse- young, mid twenties - early thirties, female
Tattoo lover- Male, Biker, Aggressive, angry, violent
Private Schoolboy- Middle part or side-swept haircut, High socks, Polished shoes
The students were represented negatively, there were many stereotypes being used, for example, loud, disruptive, naughty.
the teachers were represented positively, there were some stereotypes used, and some challenged, for example the stereotype of teachers generally being female was challenged as we saw multiple male teachers.
Representation In Magazines
LO: To explore the representations found in magazines
Masthead- The Magazines title
Cover Lines- The different stories within the magazines
Main Image- The main image on the front cover
Main cover line- the main story in the magazine
Puff- an eye catching graphic or text
colour palette- the main two or three colours used in a magazine
direct address - when the model looks directly at the camera/audience
star vehicle- a famous person on the front cover
Do Now Friday 27th September 2024
1. the Masthead is the title of the magazine Y
2. The cover lines Y
3. A sticker like graphic on the cover Y
4. Positive or Negative Y
5. Stereotypes Y
Representations in Magazines
LO: To explore the representations found in magazines
1. Chilled, Relaxed, Cheerful
2. Confident, Loud, Powerful
3. Stylish, Wealthy, Fancy
Glamorous, Wealthy, Stylish
GQ- Appeals to men by using darker, more stereotypically male colours. Cosmopolitan- Appeals to women by using brighter, more stereotypically female colours.
There is a Puff on the Cosmopolitan Magazine.
Both promoting different things.
Men are represented in the GQ Magazine as strong and sophisticated. We can see this through the confident and powerful expression on his face. The way he is smiling along with how his eyebrows are lowered shows he is relaxed and confident, connoting power and strength. Furthermore, the fact his hands are shown and are simulated as a fist show he is asserting dominance along with his well groomed beard and freshly styled hair and suit.
Cosmopolitan represents women as wanting to look more attractive, it seems this way because on the magazine cover, a large majority of the cover lines are promoting weight loss and feeling more confident. The star vehicle is a slim, stereotypically attractive woman, which furthermore persuades the females to lose weight so they can look like her.
Representation task
5. Small conclusion
Do Now Friday 11th October 2024
1. If it is positive or negative. / Gender, age, disability, sexuality, ethnicity
2. When a person is represented or treated like a sexual object. /
3. INSIDE GAME OF THRONES /
4. Pink /
5. Moody, messy, lazy /
How do you compare representations?
LO: To write and structure an effective exam style answer.
1) list the similarities and differences
2) use list to make my judgement
3)use 25 mark structure to write my essay---} make sure to include my judgement
Describe the technique/element/representation used
Explain the connotations/meanings constructed, support with specific evidence
Link to the overall context/meaning/question.
In the GQ cover, men are represented as older and sophisticated. the tuxedo has connotations of wealth and elegance and the use David Beckham as a star vehicle suggests an older audience. This is different to the cosmo cover...
similarities-
opposite gender star vehicles
both have non stereotypical and stereotypical cover lines
both have over sexualised parts
both have stereotypically the "correct " colours for the target audience
differences-
cosmopolitan is not using sexual objectification, GQ is
cosmopolitan is represented as relaxed, GQ is overpowering
5. Small conclusion
PARAGRAPH 3.
The magazine covers are similar because both of the magazine covers represent women. In Cosmopolitan, women are overly sexualised, the cover lines suggest this as a very vast majority of them are representing sexual acts or objects. In GQ, women are being sexually objectified, however, this time through the main image. Rhianna is the star vehicle of this magazine and is presented as topless, this is completely unnecessary and overly sexualised.
Friday 8th November 2024
Industry Research
LO: To research companies linked to set products.
Circulation- The number of copes it usually distributes for each issue
Advertising- The monetary income that people and businesses earn from displaying adverts on their products or website
Cover price- The published cover price at which a single copy of the publication may be purchased without limitations and for an on-going duration
Subscription model- customers are charged a recurring fee for access to a product instead of a one-time expense
Multi-platform- Publish your content into different mediums, massively maximising your reach
Readership- An estimation of how many readers a publication has
Ideology- A set of beliefs or values shared by a group of people
Brand Identity- the image a company creates for itself through marketing tools, such as logos and slogans, as well as ideology
Target audience- a group of people a piece of media is aimed at.
Vogue was launched in 1892
The original genre / target audience for vogue was the New York upper class
Vogues. target audience has changed to female beauty enthusiasts
Condé Nast publishes Vogue
Vogue cross-promotes its content through print and digital platforms
Vogues average circulation is 2,000 monthly
Vogues average readership is 800,000 monthly
Vogue means fashion is french and offers luxury pieces of clothing for everyday life
Vogues slogan is 'Before its in fashion, its in Vogue'
Vogues target audience is ABC1 fashion and style conscious women who are educated, sophisticated, and wealthy
GQ Was launched in 1931
GQ's genres are: politics, travel, entertainment, sports, technology, food and wine, fitness, health and relationships. It targets men from 20-44 years old
Gentlemans Quarterly was rebranded to GQ in 1967.
GQ is published by Condé Nast
Each issue is published in print and digitally
GQ has an average circulation of 74387 for print, and 10703 for digital copies.
GQ has an average monthly readership in the UK is 1.8 Million
GQ slogan is ' Look sharp, live smart.' GQ tends to teach men on latest trends, and different ways to live. their lives. They tend to focus on topics relevant to adult men, and have a sophisticated and usually serious style.
GQ is aimed at ABC1 males
GQ call themself and their audience progressive
Friday 15th November 2024
Do Now
1. Condé Nast
2. ABC1
3. 20-44
4. Masthead
5. The main few colours used on a front cover
LO: To explore the context and layout design for GQ magazine
GQ- Magazine for men with an IQ.
GQ has a history of objectifying women in its magazines, which promotes a chauvinist attitude towards women.
Beginning in the 1990s, the magazine went from the strict pattern of featuring only men on the cover, to frequently also depicting women on the cover.
While the men stay clothed, the women are mostly shot less than fully clothed
GQ even publishes a yearly list of " Sexiest Women "
GQ targets its audience through sexual objectification towards women to capture the attention and arousal of men, particularly between the age of 20 and 45. The representation between the two genders is drastically different, women are presented as objects used for sexual appreciation by men.
Cover Analysis- Media Language
Typography- How the text looks: font size, font colour, serif or sans serif
The dichotomy between the serif and sans serif fonts shows the juxtaposition of the intellectual, main texts, and more basic text. The colour of the cover lines and masthead are mainly of a neutral complexion like beige or white, this connotes masculinity and sophistication. The colours compliment the main image because of the colour of the star vehicles sunglasses also doubling as the magazines accent colour. This is stereotypical for a male targeted magazine. This cover uses a Z-Pattern design, so that the reader starts on the masthead and ends on the website link so GQ can further gauge promotion of their magazine. The use of the anchorage text: ' Rock N Roll Star ' links to an Oasis song, which suggests the star vehicle, Liam Gallagher is speaking about his prior band.
Do Now Friday 22nd November 2024
1. Anchorage is the words that accompany an image to give it a specific meaning
2. Colour, Size, Font
3. Cover lines
4. Sans serif
5. Medium close up
Raheem sterling was born in Kingston, Jamaica
He moved to London at 5 years old
Sterling was the 5th youngest player to represent England
In 2016 he was the nations most expensive player
At 15 he made his debut for the Liverpool senior team.
He is an English footballer who plays as a winger and attacking mid-fielder.
Sterling was involved in an act that prevented racism within football, after being victim to racism in a game he played against Chelsea.
Masthead:
The masthead in gold connotes heaven which links to the writing "guardian angel" which are inspired by Travis Scotts album cover
Coverlines:
The main cover line ' Guardian angel' links to the main image, in which Raheem Sterling is wearing angel wings.
Anchorage text:
'Guardian Angel' connotes and suggests that Raheem is protective and shield that fell victim to racism.
Friday 29th November 2024
Do Now
1. Play football and advocates against racism
2.Colour, font, size, sans serif or serif
3. Racism in football
4. Serif
5. Anchorage text
Case Study: Raheem Sterling
Masthead- Block capitals connote masculinity and modern, colour gold connotes wealth and money, fitting for target audience.
Coverlines-' why its finally ok to own a beltbag' metrosexual, subverting stereotypes of bags being feminine and for women.
Anchorage text- Guardian Angel, a multitude of meanings: winger in football connotes 'guardian angel' playing on the 'wings'. Protects other black players from racism in football. Seen as an 'evil' person, but in reality seems to be a good one.
Z shaped layout- Traces the route of the human eye when they read, from left to right, top to bottom
Coverlines- Westminster has become a living nightmare, Andy Burnhams Manchester plan.
English, Intelligence, Middle class, Gentlemen.
Black wings connote darkness and evil which is a juxtaposition of what he is fighting against.
His tattoos stereotypically connote toughness and confidence.
The anchorage text: ' Guardian Angel ' gives the image a multitude of meaning. An example of one would be through the use of his wings in the main image, this could represent his position in football as a ' winger '. This gives the GQ audience; who are not up to date with football, Raheem Sterlings position and how this connotes protection of his team mates and possibly other black players in the sport from racism.
The main image on the front cover depicts Raheem Sterling in dark clothing angel wings. This connotes darkness and evil, which is a juxtaposition of the racism that him and his team mates are facing in football. the overall image creates a dichotomy of the two opposites: Good and Evil. This is symbolic of the evil in which his social profile was represented as, and the human he actually is ( Good ).
Friday 13th December 2024
Do Now
1. Tell the the audience whats inside the magazine.
2. To appeal to the audience.
3. Racism in football.
4. Beneath the subject.
5. Something you would expect to see in a genre.
Assessment Improvement
mise-en-scene- clothes, hair, setting, non verbal codes.
written codes- anything written.
gesture codes body language.
symbolic codes- a colour that symbolises something else.
narrative- the story.
colour palette- the colours used.
The main image shows Sterling standing in a confident stance, with a large pair of black wings. He is looking at the camera with a serious face.
The main image presents Sterling in a low angle shot standing with confidence seen throughout his stance, this connotes masculinity and confidence. The large pair of black wings give connotations of an 'Angelic' figure, as seen in the main cover line "guardian angel". His eye contact with the camera, directly addressing the audience, connotes he has power over the viewers.
Dirt work done on paper.
Friday 20th December 2024
GQ Representation
Do Now
1. Suggests.
2. Angels.
3. Sophisticated, ABC1 men. 20-44.
4. To appeal to the audience.
5. Something that is expected to be seen in a magazine type. The way in which something is usually done.
This cover conveys the message of male stereotypes.For example males have to be strong and be serious as displayed by the star vehicle, who is topless and has a stern facial expression in the main image, ( Raheem Sterling ). Furthermore his masculinity is presented by the cover lines.
This cover gives the message that all black people are more serious and physically fitter than other races. Again using his physique and facial expression to demonstrate this point.
Using the hugely successful black cover star ( Raheem Sterling is British Jamaican) as their dominant image.
Do Now Wednesday 10 January 2025
1. Fashion and lifestyle.
2. ABC1. 20-44 educated, fashion and style conscious.
3. Condé Nast.
4. To attract buyers.
5. Petit, pretty, women.
Case study 2: Malala Yousafzai: VOGUE
Monthly women's lifestyle magazine.
Teach, challenge, inspire women.
Uses the same codes and conventions as a magazine cover, however, it has its own unique style so it is immediately recognised.
Claims models of any colour other than white, badly affected their sales, therefore vogue did not feature any models other than white until the December of 1987.
Between august 2002 and 2014, over a twelve year period, 146 covers, not one had a black star vehicle.
Appointed Edward Enniful, a black man to edit vogue, since then vogue has become more inclusive.
In the past, Vogue did not include diversity in their magazine covers, when it comes to race, ethnicity, and gender, up until the December of 1987, when Vogue included a black female as their star vehicle. the two covers. represent vogues new approach towards diversity as they feature not only a male, but a male in a dress, stereotypically going against the social norm, also featuring a black female.
Malala Yousefzai became an international symbol of the fight for girls education after she was shot in 2012 by the Taliban
Her farther made sure she had equal opportunities
She first because an activist under an anonymous blog
Malala was the youngest reciprocate of the noble peace prize
She has met with world leaders, including Barrack Obama
Malala Yousafzai is a female activist for the fight for girls education. She lived in Pakistan before being shot in 2012 by the Taliban at just 15 years old, after standing up for the rights that the Taliban were trying to take away, shortly after she moved to the United Kingdom for her safety after threats for her life. In July 2021 the British and American army were planning to permanently leave Afghanistan. This created concern for Malala as she feared for girls safety without the protection of other countries.
Do Now Wednesday 17th January 2025
1. Malala is knows for her activism in the fight for female education.
2. The British and American army were planning to permanently leave Afghanistan.
3. ABC1 20-44 educated females.
4. No, until 1987 there were no cover stars aside from white women.
5. No, she is not traditionally beautiful which was the norm.
Malala Yousafzai Media Language Analysis
Masthead.
Vogues masthead is Serif.
Connotes sophistication and education.
Vogue is the prevailing fashion or style at a particular time.
Block capitals presents the authority over other magazines.
The main image is a mid-shot, which diverts the attention to her face instead of her body. This means the star vehicles face is larger and would possibly prevent the Vogue masthead from being read if her head was placed in front of the masthead. The silver is a secondary colour to red which is the colour surrounding Malala putting all the focus on her, meaning a=she is the focal point and more important than the Vogue title.
Anchorage text.
The brightest text on the cover is the word 'Malala', written in white. This immediately brings attention to that one word, this connotes her power as it is brighter and more eye-catching than the Vogue masthead, furthermore it is only her first name, connoting she is so important that her last name does not need to be mentioned for her to be recognised. The connotations of ' surviver, activist, legend', show power and how she is not seen as a victim, but a hero.
Layout
Z-shaped design
Coverlines
The cover lines all consist of a Serif font, with little variation in colour and font type, the Serif writing connotes sophistication and maturity which links to the target audience as the topics included and associated with Malala are heavy and quite grown-up topics that need a certain level of maturity to conquer.
Image
The image is portrayed as a medium close up shot, this diverts the attention to her face instead of her body this could connote modesty as the absence of her body paired with her hijab may be in respects of her religion and beliefs. The background and her clothing is the same colour to further attract the audiences gaze to her face.
Do Now Friday 31 January 2025
1. How something is presented. How the media re-presents the world to us.
2. If its positive or negative.
3. Muslim.
4. No.
5. Power, confidence.
Malala Yousefzai: REPRESENTATION.
In the past, Muslims have been represented as terrorists or members of extremist groups, with very little comedic roles. They are rarely seen as anything but straight, able-bodied, male perpetrators.
In terms of ethnicity the vogue cover shows progress in inclusivity with their models, as this cover features three celebrities, and not one is white, this is extremely unusual for Vogue, and women's fashion magazines on a whole.
Explain how both ethnicity and gender have been represented on the vogue cover.
Ethnicity is represented on the Vogue front cover in a positive, non-stereotypical way. For example, the main cover features three different celebrities, two of which are of African heritage, and the other from Pakistan. This is extremely uncommon for Vogue, and any women's fashion magazine in circulation. The inclusion of different ethnicities on the cover could link to the main image and anchorage text, as they both relate to progression, as Malala Yousafzai (the star vehicle) is known for her activism and fighting for women's education.
However, gender could be considered as being represented in a stereotypical way. For example, the cover lines on the main image consist of a number of different topics, each resembling to the stereotypical interests of females, for example, the cover line "The shape of now" is a direct link to clothing and fashion, along with the cover line "Vogue's guide to summer beauty". This is a direct link to the stereotypes of females.
Furthermore, some could argue that gender is being represented in a non-stereotypical way, diametrically opposing the previous statements. For example the cover line "Fighting talk" links to the star vehicle Malala Yousafzai, as it could be a segue into her story of rebellion and persistence, through her journey fighting against the Taliban to protect women's rights in her home country, Pakistan
Do Now Wednesday 7th February 2025
1. shows diversity.
2. Fighting talk.
3. As brave and confident.
4. she is represented as a survivor, not a victim.
5. As terrorists.
Malala Yousafzai: COMPARING
Similarities
Both are anti-stereotypical for a Vogue cover
Both use red to connote power
Both look feminine
Both are represented in modest/unrevealing clothing
They both use direct address to connote confidence
Differences
Different ethnicities
Different shot types
Masthead is behind LIZZO's head, and in front of Malala's.
The Vogue cover above is similar
to the Malala Yousafzai cover in regards
to ethnicity as they are both represented
as strong, independent women, and are not
overly sexualised and are more modest
than the traditional Vogue cover star.
The Time magazine cover above is different to the
Sterling cover as it presents men in a more
feminine and delicate way, compared to the sterling cover
Do Now Friday 14th February 2025
1. Similarities and differences.
2. Give an opinion
3. 4-5
4. A cover we studied
5. Representation and media language
Malala Yousafzai 25 mark question
DIFFERENCES:
Malala represents women as more modest than the Kim coverKim represents women as more sexualised than Malala
Vogue has represented women as gentle, compared to ELLE who represents women as wild
Vogue has represented women as gentle, compared to ELLE who represents women as wild
Vogue contain the cover line, 'fighting talk' which is anti-stereotypical for a women's magazine
Different ethnicities
SIMILARITIES:
Both cover lines mention more stereotypically female interests like fashion and beauty
Both are represented as confident, Malala through the red, and Kim through the stance and facial expressions
More differences
There are more differences than similarities in the representation of women within these two covers.
In the Vogue magazine, the cover lines represent women in a less stereotypically feminine way, whereas the ELLE cover is much more classic for a female magazine cover. For example the cover line ' fighting talk' in the Vogue cover, connotes women are more strong and powerful than the connotations of the traditional cover lines in ELLE. In contradiction to the Vogue cover and their representation of powerful women, the cover line ' The best foundation in the world' portrays women as a much more materialistic and stereotypical way, as the cover line connotes classic femininity.
The ELLE magazine cover represents women in a more sexualised way than the Vogue cover. This is presented through the shot type, body language, and facial expressions. In the ELLE cover, the star vehicle is presented through a medium long shot, this allows the audience to get a view of her clothing, whilst still being able to see her facial expression. Her mouth is slightly open, this is a stereotypical pose for women to appear in a more 'sexy' demeanour. Furthermore the clothes she is wearing in the ELLE cover are more revealing than the Vogue cover, and represent women with sexualisation and possibly objectification, the way her clothing comes very high up to her leg and the cleavage shown are over sexualising women. However in the Vogue cover, the star vehicle is presented through a Mid shot, this shows only her torso and above, this is commonly presented as a more modest shot type. The clothes in which the star vehicle is wearing further exemplify her modesty, as her clothes are not revealing or flashy.
Furthermore, the colour palette in the Vogue cover represents women in a different way to the ELLE cover. The red theme in the Vogue cover often connotes power and bravery, which is not how women are stereotypically viewed. The pinks and whites in the ELLE cover are seen as more stereotypical covers for females, as the pink is a very common colour used to symbolise femininity throughout our society. Furthermore, the cover stars themselves are representing women in a vastly different way between the two covers. Malala Yousafzai in the Vogue cover is known for her activism for women's education, and standing up and fighting against the Taliban in her home country, Pakistan. Kim Kardashian, in the ELLE cover, is a social media star, and influencer, her wealthy and flashy lifestyle is shown in her purchases and belongings. Therefore the two covers are representing women is a hugely different way.
However, there are some similarities between the two magazine covers. Although Vogue has included the previously mentioned cover line ' fighting talk ', it has not stopped them from using other cover lines with more stereotypically feminine representations. For example, the Vogue cover features the cover line ' Vogues guide to summer beauty'. This cover line is very cliche for a women's magazine as it, just like ELLE, relates to fashion and beauty. Again, the cover line 'The best foundation in the world' from the ELLE cover connotes makeup and therefore beauty.
In conclusion, the representations of gender massively differentiate between the two magazine covers. Elle presents women in a much more sexualised way. Vogue takes advantage of a much less stereotypical cover star for this magazine, possibly to attract publicity when compared to other female beauty and lifestyle magazines.
25 MARK COMPARISON Q: 20/25
WWW: you’ve clearly identified differences and analysed them accurately and with detail
EBI: link your ideas to the Vogue values/target audience
TARGET 3: link your ideas to the Vogue values/target audience
DIRT: write a conclusion summarising your ideas
WWW: you’ve clearly identified differences and analysed them accurately and with detail
EBI: link your ideas to the Vogue values/target audience
TARGET 3: link your ideas to the Vogue values/target audience
DIRT: write a conclusion summarising your ideas
Do Now Friday 4 April 2025
1. Representation is the way media re-presents something.
2. 1950
3. With the purpose for serving men
4. Aimed at the working class
5. Delicious
(Question 1)
Layout and design.
To further support my last two points, meaning is also communicated throughout the layout and design of the cover. The design of the colour palette for the masthead and background contain enriching colours, the red of the background and the silver masthead connote royalty and power. Contrastingly, the cover lines are arranged in a neat, ordinary fashion with not much variation in colour. This shows Vogue's audience are very sophisticated. The stereotypical 'rich' colours communicate a meaning of success and achievement, linking to the celebration of Malala's heroic actions and fearless attitude when battling strong forces.
(Question 2a)
Social context has a heavy influence on magazines. As we see from Malalas Vogue magazine cover, it was published in July of 2021. At this time, Malala has had a large media coverage as the U.S and allied forces began to retreat from Pakistan after keeping peace and protecting the community from the Taliban. This caused an uproar for rights activists like Malala who took to protests and media to express their feeling on the matter. This caused Malala to be a very relevant figure at this time and appeals to the Vogue audience. Furthermore, the date of the magazine cover suggests it came out post-lockdown after a very stressful pandemic, therefore, the cover line ' love after lockdown ' is a direct link to finding love again after a stir in the community, which can be very much related to many members of society and the Vogue audience.
(Question 2b)
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